Historical Experience in Organizing Scientific Research: Social Context

Abstract

In the context of international competition and sanctions pressure, supporting research aimed at achieving technological sovereignty and competitiveness, as well as creating conditions for scientific discoveries and their implementation, is becoming a matter of national security. Studying the history of science allows us to identify patterns, learn lessons from successes and failures, and better understand cause-and-effect relationships, which facilitates more informed decision-making and determines the focus of promising scientific research.

This paper presents a brief overview of the main research areas discussed at the XLVI International Annual Scientific Conference “Scientific Study and Development of Russia and Adjacent Territories (on the 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the USSR Academy of Sciences)”, held October 27–31, 2025, at the St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian National Committee for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.